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Bosphorus Bridge
The Bosphorus Bridge, also called the First Bosphorus Bridge or simply the First Bridge ((トルコ語:Boğaziçi Köprüsü'', ''1. Boğaziçi Köprüsü or Birinci Köprü)), is one of two suspension bridges spanning the Bosphorus strait (Turkish: ''Boğaziçi'') in Istanbul, Turkey; thus connecting Europe and Asia (the other one is the Fatih Sultan Mehmet Bridge, which is called the Second Bosphorus Bridge). The bridge extends between Ortaköy (in Europe) and Beylerbeyi (in Asia).
It is a gravity-anchored suspension bridge with steel towers and inclined hangers.〔 The aerodynamic deck hangs on zigzag steel cables. It is 〔(General Directorate of Highways: Project information about the Bosphorus Bridge ) (Turkish)〕 long with a deck width of .〔 The distance between the towers (main span) is 〔 and the total height of the towers is .〔 The clearance of the bridge from sea level is .〔
Upon its completion in 1973, the Bosphorus Bridge was the fourth-longest suspension bridge span in the world, and the longest outside the United States. Currently, it is the 22nd-longest suspension bridge span in the world.
==Precedents and proposals==
The idea of a bridge crossing the Bosphorus dates back to antiquity. For Emperor Darius I The Great of Persia (522 BC - 485 BC), as recorded by the Greek writer Herodotus in his Histories, Mandrocles of Samos once engineered a pontoon bridge across the Bosphorus, linking Asia to Europe, enabling Darius to pursue the fleeing Scythians as well as position his army in the Balkans to overwhelm Macedon.〔(Project Gutenberg ). The History of Herodotus — Volume 2 – Retrieved on 19 March 2010.〕 The first project for a permanent bridge across the Bosphorus was proposed to Ottoman Sultan Abdul Hamid II by the ''Bosphorus Railroad Company'' in 1900, which included a rail link between the continents.〔(1900'deki köprü projesinde raylı sistem de vardı ). Sabah. 2009-07-17 – Retrieved on 19 March 2010. 〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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